In the surface treatment technology of hand board model finishing, the main technology can be divided into traditional finishing technology and non-traditional finishing technology. The traditional finishing technology is mainly manual grinding and polishing, which has developed into mechanical finishing; the non-traditional polishing technology mainly includes chemical polishing, electrochemical polishing, electrolytic polishing, electrochemical mechanical polishing, ultrasonic machining, magnetorheological polishing, laser polishing and EDM polishing.

　　1. 手工研磨拋光

　　1. Manual grinding and polishing

　　該方法不需要專用設(shè)備，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)。這主要取決于操作者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技術(shù)水平。效率低(約占整個(gè)手動(dòng)模式周期的1/3)。但是，鑒于社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀，這種加工方法暫時(shí)還不能完全。

　　This method does not need special equipment and has strong adaptability. It mainly depends on the experience and technical level of the operator. Low efficiency (about 1 / 3 of the whole manual mode cycle). However, in view of the current situation of social, economic and technological development, this processing method can not be completely eliminated for the time being.

　　2. 數(shù)字式手工拋光機(jī)

　　2. Digital hand polishing machine

　　該拋光工具采用數(shù)控、數(shù)顯及工藝參數(shù)控制，配有全套磨頭及磨料，半自動(dòng)拋光，具有體積小、使用方便、質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定、重復(fù)性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。用途:a.材料:各種手板材料，包括鑄鋼、鍛鋼、鋁合金、鋅合金等。B.手板表面尺寸:100×100(mm)- 1500×3000 (mm)。

　　The polishing tool adopts numerical control, digital display and process parameter control, equipped with a full set of grinding head and abrasive, semi-automatic polishing, with the advantages of small volume, convenient use, stable quality, good repeatability, etc. Application: A. materials: all kinds of hand plate materials, including cast steel, forged steel, aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, etc. B. Surface dimension of hand board: 100 × 100 (mm) - 1500 × 3000 (mm).

　　3.超聲波手工拋光機(jī)

　　3. Ultrasonic manual polishing machine

　　拋光工具采用高頻電火花加工脈沖功率和超聲快速振動(dòng)磨削原理進(jìn)行拋光。它可以完成一般拋光工具(電磨軟軸等)難以伸入的窄槽、窄縫、邊緣、角度等扭轉(zhuǎn)部位的拋光，拋光后不崩壞邊角，不影響手模精度。使用本工具進(jìn)行拋光，可快速對(duì)粗糙表面進(jìn)行成型和拋光，不受工件形狀、材料硬度的限制，原始表面粗糙度不要求，效率相對(duì)較高。

　　High frequency EDM pulse power and ultrasonic vibration grinding principle are used for polishing tools. It can finish the polishing of narrow groove, narrow seam, edge, angle and other twisting parts which are difficult to be extended by common polishing tools (such as electric grinding soft shaft). After polishing, the edge angle will not be broken and the accuracy of hand mold will not be affected. Using this tool for polishing, the rough surface can be shaped and polished quickly, which is not limited by the shape of the workpiece and the hardness of the material. The original surface roughness is not required and the efficiency is relatively high.

　　4、采用高速銑削技術(shù)作為手版半精加工和精加工手段

　　4. Using high speed milling technology as the means of semi finishing and finishing

　　與電火花加工相比，高速銑削可節(jié)省25% ~ 60%的加工時(shí)間。高速銑削的表面質(zhì)量好，可以避免電火花加工可能出現(xiàn)的表面細(xì)紋;高速銑削可加工45 ~ 60HRC硬面，精密銑削表面粗糙度可達(dá)Ra=0.63mm，減少人工拋光時(shí)間;省去了電火花加工電極的制造過程，大大縮短了成型周期。

　　Compared with EDM, high speed milling can save 25% - 60% of machining time. The surface quality of high-speed milling is good, which can avoid the surface fine lines that may appear in EDM; the surface roughness of high-speed milling can process 45 ~ 60HRC hard surface, and the surface roughness of precision milling can reach RA = 0.63mm, which can reduce the artificial polishing time; the manufacturing process of EDM electrode is omitted, and the forming cycle is greatly shortened.

　　5. 電化學(xué)和電化學(xué)機(jī)械加工

　　5. Electrochemical and electrochemical machining

　　電化學(xué)及其復(fù)合整理技術(shù)主要是利用金屬工件的電化學(xué)陽(yáng)極溶解原理進(jìn)行的，屬于離子的去除。由于無(wú)接觸加工，不存在加工變形層、變質(zhì)層和殘余應(yīng)力;工具無(wú)磨損，可長(zhǎng)期使用;沒有閃光和毛刺。電化學(xué)加工的使用壽命比普通超精加工提高5倍以上。

　　Electrochemistry and its composite finishing technology is mainly based on the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution of metal workpiece, which belongs to the removal of ions. Due to non-contact processing, there is no processing deformation layer, metamorphic layer and residual stress; the tool has no wear and can be used for a long time; there is no flash and burr. The service life of electrochemical machining is 5 times longer than that of conventional superfinishing.